supabase/web/docs/client/insert.mdx

---
id: insert
title: "Create data: insert()"
slug: insert
---

import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs';
import TabItem from '@theme/TabItem';

Performs an INSERT into the table.

<Tabs
  defaultValue="js"
  groupId="libraries"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' },{ label: 'Python', value: 'py' }]}>

<TabItem value="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('cities')
  .insert([
    { name: 'The Shire', country_id: 554 }
  ])
```


</TabItem>
<TabItem value="py">

```py
# Not yet implemented
```


</TabItem>

</Tabs>

## Parameters


<ul className="method-list-group">
  
<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      values
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge required">
      required
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>Partial</code> | <code>array</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

The values to insert.
  
  </div>
  
</li>


<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      __namedParameters
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge required">
      required
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>object</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

No description provided. 
  
  </div>
  
<ul className="method-list-group">
  <h5 class="method-list-title method-list-title-isChild expanded">Properties</h5>

<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      upsert
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge required">
      required
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>boolean</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

If `true`, performs an UPSERT.
  
  </div>
  
</li>


<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      returning
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge required">
      required
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>minimal</code> | <code>representation</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

By default the new record is returned. Set this to 'minimal' if you don't need this value.
  
  </div>
  
</li>


<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      onConflict
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge required">
      required
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>undefined</code> | <code>string</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

By specifying the `on_conflict` query parameter, you can make UPSERT work on a column(s) that has a UNIQUE constraint.
  
  </div>
  
</li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>














## Examples

### Create a record



<Tabs
  defaultValue="js"
  groupId="libraries"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' },{ label: 'Python', value: 'py' }]}>

<TabItem value="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('cities')
  .insert([
    { name: 'The Shire', country_id: 554 }
  ])
```


</TabItem>
<TabItem value="py">

```py
# Not yet implemented
```


</TabItem>

</Tabs>

### Bulk create



<Tabs
  defaultValue="js"
  groupId="libraries"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' },{ label: 'Python', value: 'py' }]}>

<TabItem value="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('cities')
  .insert([
    { name: 'The Shire', country_id: 554 },
    { name: 'Rohan', country_id: 555 },
  ])
```


</TabItem>
<TabItem value="py">

```py
# Not yet implemented
```


</TabItem>

</Tabs>

### Upsert

For upsert, if set to true, primary key columns would need to be included 
in the data parameter in order for an update to properly happen. Also, primary keys 
used must be natural, not surrogate. There are however, 
[workarounds](https://github.com/PostgREST/postgrest/issues/1118) 
for surrogate primary keys.


<Tabs
  defaultValue="js"
  groupId="libraries"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' },{ label: 'Python', value: 'py' }]}>

<TabItem value="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('cities')
  .insert(
    [
      { name: 'The Shire', country_id: 554 },
      { name: 'Rohan', country_id: 555 },
      { name: 'City by the Bay', country_id:840}
    ],
    { upsert: true })
```


</TabItem>
<TabItem value="py">

```py
# Not yet implemented
```


</TabItem>

</Tabs>