diff --git a/src/crypto/SecretStorage.js b/src/crypto/SecretStorage.js
index db984b950..36aa59cf3 100644
--- a/src/crypto/SecretStorage.js
+++ b/src/crypto/SecretStorage.js
@@ -231,6 +231,27 @@ export default class SecretStorage extends EventEmitter {
         await this._baseApis.setAccountData(name, {encrypted});
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Store a secret defined to be the same as the given key.
+     * No secret information will be stored, instead the secret will
+     * be stored with a marker to say that the contents of the secret is
+     * the value of the given key.
+     * This is useful for migration from systems that predate SSSS such as
+     * key backup.
+     *
+     * @param {string} name The name of the secret
+     * @param {string} keyId The ID of the key whose value will be the
+     *     value of the secret
+     * @returns {Promise} resolved when account data is saved
+     */
+    storePassthrough(name, keyId) {
+        return this._baseApis.setAccountData(name, {
+            [keyId]: {
+                passthrough: true,
+            },
+        });
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get a secret from storage.
      *
@@ -276,8 +297,13 @@ export default class SecretStorage extends EventEmitter {
             // fetch private key from app
             [keyId, decryption] = await this._getSecretStorageKey(keys);
 
-            // decrypt secret
             const encInfo = secretContent.encrypted[keyId];
+
+            // We don't actually need the decryption object if it's a passthrough
+            // since we just want to return the key itself.
+            if (encInfo.passthrough) return decryption.get_private_key();
+
+            // decrypt secret
             switch (keys[keyId].algorithm) {
             case SECRET_STORAGE_ALGORITHM_V1:
                 return decryption.decrypt(
diff --git a/src/crypto/index.js b/src/crypto/index.js
index badf89013..fa547c395 100644
--- a/src/crypto/index.js
+++ b/src/crypto/index.js
@@ -336,6 +336,8 @@ Crypto.prototype.createRecoveryKeyFromPassphrase = async function(password) {
  *     auth data as an object.
  * @param {function} [opts.createSecretStorageKey] Optional. Function
  * called to await a secret storage key creation flow.
+ * @param {object} [opts.keyBackupInfo] The current key backup object. If passed,
+ * the passphrase and recovery key from this backup will be used.
  * Returns:
  *     {Promise} A promise which resolves to key creation data for
  *     SecretStorage#addKey: an object with `passphrase` and/or `pubkey` fields.
@@ -343,6 +345,7 @@ Crypto.prototype.createRecoveryKeyFromPassphrase = async function(password) {
 Crypto.prototype.bootstrapSecretStorage = async function({
     authUploadDeviceSigningKeys,
     createSecretStorageKey = async () => { },
+    keyBackupInfo,
 } = {}) {
     logger.log("Bootstrapping Secure Secret Storage");
 
@@ -383,18 +386,49 @@ Crypto.prototype.bootstrapSecretStorage = async function({
                     { authUploadDeviceSigningKeys },
                 );
             }
+        } else {
+            logger.log("Cross signing keys are present in secret storage");
         }
 
         // Check if Secure Secret Storage has a default key. If we don't have one, create
         // the default key (which will also be signed by the cross-signing master key).
         if (!this.hasSecretStorageKey()) {
-            logger.log("Secret storage default key not found, creating new key");
-            const keyOptions = await createSecretStorageKey();
-            const newKeyId = await this.addSecretStorageKey(
-                SECRET_STORAGE_ALGORITHM_V1,
-                keyOptions,
-            );
+            let newKeyId;
+            if (keyBackupInfo) {
+                logger.log("Secret storage default key not found, using key backup key");
+                const opts = {
+                    pubkey: keyBackupInfo.auth_data.public_key,
+                };
+
+                if (
+                    keyBackupInfo.auth_data.private_key_salt &&
+                    keyBackupInfo.auth_data.private_key_iterations
+                ) {
+                    opts.passphrase = {
+                        algorithm: "m.pbkdf2",
+                        iterations: keyBackupInfo.auth_data.private_key_iterations,
+                        salt: keyBackupInfo.auth_data.private_key_salt,
+                    };
+                }
+
+                newKeyId = await this.addSecretStorageKey(
+                    SECRET_STORAGE_ALGORITHM_V1, opts,
+                );
+
+                // Add an entry for the backup key in SSSS as a 'passthrough' key
+                // (ie. the secret is the key itself).
+                this._secretStorage.storePassthrough('m.megolm_backup.v1', newKeyId);
+            } else {
+                logger.log("Secret storage default key not found, creating new key");
+                const keyOptions = await createSecretStorageKey();
+                newKeyId = await this.addSecretStorageKey(
+                    SECRET_STORAGE_ALGORITHM_V1,
+                    keyOptions,
+                );
+            }
             await this.setDefaultSecretStorageKeyId(newKeyId);
+        } else {
+            logger.log("Have secret storage key");
         }
 
         // If cross-signing keys were reset, store them in Secure Secret Storage.